There are many factors can affect fertility.Fertility problems might manifest for a variety of reasons in both women and men, from health problems such as hormonal imbalances to habits such as smoking.And then there are conditions that may affect your fertility. One of those is adenomyosis.

Adenomyosis is what's called a structural gynecological disorder, just as fibroids, polyps and endometriosis are structural disorders (opposed to hormonal imbalance or inflammation) that could affect the reproductive system. It affects the endometrial cells in the lining of the uterus and the muscular layer of the uterine wall.

In theory, adenomyosis is a condition that can affect a woman's fertility if it develops during her childbearing years, but research is still preliminary, and questions about the impact of the condition on conception rates and pregnancy risks currently remain unanswered.

How does adenomyosis affects fertility?

When adenomyosis strikes, here's what's going on: A woman's uterus is lined with endometrial tissue (called the endometrium), and when a woman has adenomyosis, her endometrium is growing in the wrong place -- into the muscular layer of the uterine wall (called the myometrium). This abnormal growth may cause heavy menstrual bleeding (sometimes with blood clots called menorrhagia), pelvic pain, painful menstruation and severe menstrual cramps (called dysmenorrhea) and painful sex, as well as vaginal bleeding between menstrual cycles . Sometimes, the condition causes an abnormal mass called an adenomyoma to grow in the uterus. And yet, some women have mild symptoms such as tenderness or bloating in the pelvic region, and as many as 35 percent of those affected actually don't seem to have any apparent symptoms at all. All these sympyoms can affect women’s fertility.