London - Discomfort during sex can be due to endometriosis, which affects two million UK women.

This occurs when cells of the womb lining (endometrium) are found outside it, causing tenderness and inflammation. If this affects tissue behind the cervix, it can lead to painful intercourse, explains Clive Spence-Jones, a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist at London’s Whittington Hospital. The pain may continue after intercourse.

Endometriosis can be managed with painkillers and hormone treatment. Sometimes surgery is needed.

Pain during sex could also be due to an ovarian cyst. These are usually benign and may disappear naturally or can be surgically removed.

Irritable bowel syndrome can also cause discomfort due to pressure on already tender intestines, leading to general stomach pain during sex.

Switching to a healthy diet, increasing exercise and reducing stress can help.